NEFT VA GAZ QAZIB CHIQARISHDA ZAMONAVIY TEXNOLOGIYALAR VA JIHOZLAR
Keywords:
Kalit so‘zlar: neft, tabiiy gaz, qazib chiqarish, neft qudug‘i, gaz qudug‘i, qatlam bosimi, nasos, kompressor, separator, quduq usti armaturasi, gazlift, quvur, avtomatlashtirish, energiya samaradorligi., Keywords: oil, natural gas, production, oil well, gas well, formation pressure, pump, compressor, separator, wellhead fittings, gas lift, pipeline, automation, energy efficiency.Abstract
Annotatsiya: Mazkur tezisda neft va tabiiy gazni qazib chiqarishda qo‘llaniladigan zamonaviy texnologiyalar hamda asosiy texnologik jihozlarning vazifalari va ishlash xususiyatlari tahlil qilingan. Neft va gazni yer osti qatlamlaridan qazib chiqarish quduqlarni burg‘ilash va o‘zlashtirish, qatlam mahsulotini yer yuzasiga chiqarish, neft, gaz va suv fazalarini ajratish, mahsulotni dastlabki tayyorlash hamda yig‘ish va tashish tizimlariga uzatish kabi o‘zaro bog‘liq texnologik bosqichlarni qamrab oladi. Qatlam bosimi yetarli bo‘lmagan sharoitlarda shtangali chuqurlik nasoslari, elektr markazdan qochma nasoslar, vintli nasoslar va gazlift tizimlaridan foydalanish muhim ahamiyatga ega. Gaz qazib chiqarish jarayonida esa quduq usti armaturasi, separatorlar, kompressor qurilmalari, gazni dastlabki tayyorlash uskunalari va quvur tizimlari asosiy texnologik vazifalarni bajaradi. Shuningdek, zamonaviy avtomatlashtirish, nazorat-o‘lchov vositalari va energiya tejamkor qurilmalarni qo‘llash orqali texnologik jarayonlarning barqarorligi, xavfsizligi va samaradorligini oshirish imkoniyatlari ko‘rib chiqilgan.Abstract: This thesis analyzes the functions and performance characteristics of modern technologies and basic technological equipment used in oil and natural gas production. Oil and gas production from underground formations includes such interrelated technological stages as drilling and development of wells, bringing the formation product to the surface, separating the oil, gas and water phases, initial preparation of the product and transferring it to collection and transportation systems. In conditions of insufficient formation pressure, the use of rod pumps, electric centrifugal pumps, screw pumps and gas lift systems is important. In the process of gas production, the main technological functions are performed by wellhead fittings, separators, compressor units, gas pretreatment equipment and pipeline systems. Also, the possibilities of increasing the stability, safety and efficiency of technological processes through the use of modern automation, control and measuring instruments and energy-saving devices are considered.
