THE ECONOMIC ESSENCE AND TYPES OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE EFFICIENCY AND THE EVOLUTION OF APPROACHES TO ITS ASSESSMENT
Keywords:
efficiency, productivity, industrial enterprise, technical efficiency, X-efficiency, data envelopment analysis, stochastic frontier analysis, Malmquist index, railway industrial enterprises.Abstract
The article clarifies the economic content of the category of
industrial enterprise efficiency, systematizes its types and analyzes the
historical development of assessment methods. The concepts of productivity,
efficiency and effectiveness are distinguished, and the theoretical legacy of M.
Farrell, H. Leibenstein and R. Solow is comparatively assessed. Technical,
allocative, economic, scale, dynamic, organizational and equipment efficiency
are described together with their theoretical foundations and their manifestation
in railway industrial enterprises. Assessment methods are divided into ratio
based, parametric, non-parametric frontier and integrated data-driven stages. It
is substantiated that the types of efficiency are arranged hierarchically rather
than in parallel, that data requirements increase with each new stage of
assessment, and that data are becoming a resource that determines the capacity
to manage efficiency.
