QOYATOSH SAN’ATI TADQIQOTLARINING NAZARIY VA METODOLOGIK ASOSLARI

Abstract

Ushbu maqolada qadimgi jamoalarning madaniy va ma’naviy merosining muhim tarkibiy qismi sifatida qoyatosh san’atining ilmiy tadqiq etilishi ko‘rib chiqiladi. O‘zbekiston hududida uchraydigan petrogliflar va piktogrammalarning ramziy hamda amaliy jihatlari tahlil qilinib, ularning xronologik va semantik talqinlari baholanadi. Tadqiqotda XIX asrdagi dastlabki kashfiyotlardan boshlab zamonaviy arxeologik izlanishlargacha bo‘lgan ilmiy tadqiqotlar tarixi tanqidiy nuqtai nazardan yoritilgan. Qoyatosh san’atini sanalashtirish bilan bog‘liq metodologik muammolar, stratigrafik qazishmalarning cheklovlari va talqin qilishdagi qiyinchiliklar chuqur tahlil qilingan. Arxeologik tasniflash jarayonida texnologik tipologiyalar bilan madaniy identifikatsiyalar o‘rtasidagi nomuvofiqlikka alohida e’tibor qaratilgan. Yakunda tadqiqot qoyatosh san’atini tarixdan oldingi davr tafakkuri va madaniy ifodaning kengroq kontekstida tushunish uchun yanada nozik va fanlararo yondashuv zarurligini ta’kidlaydi.

This article explores the scientific study of rock art as a significant component of the cultural and spiritual heritage of ancient communities. It examines the symbolic and practical dimensions of petroglyphs and pictographs found in Uzbekistan and evaluates their chronological and semantic interpretations. The paper provides a critical overview of the history of research, beginning with early discoveries in the 19th century and continuing through modern archaeological efforts. Methodological issues related to dating rock art, the limitations of stratigraphic excavations, and the challenges of interpretation are analyzed in depth. Special attention is given to the disconnect between technological typologies and cultural identities in archaeological classification. Ultimately, the study emphasizes the need for a more nuanced and interdisciplinary approach to understanding rock art within the broader context of prehistoric cognition and cultural expression.